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Key Points Primary symptoms of underlying esophageal disorders, most often due to mechanical or motility disturbance, include heartburn, dysphagia, odynophagia, and regurgitation. Indications for endoscopy are presence of weight loss, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, dysphagia, odynophagia, chest pain, poor response to…
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a physiologic process by which gastric contents move retrograde from the stomach to the esophagus. GER itself is not a disease and occurs multiple times each day without producing symptoms or mucosal damage. In contrast, GERD…