Interactions Between the Extrinsic Nervous System and the Gut The major functions of the gastrointestinal tract (motor, fluid and electrolyte transport, secretory, storage, and excretory functions) result from an intricately balanced series of control mechanisms ( Fig. 14-1 ): the…
The human colon serves to absorb water and electrolytes, store intraluminal contents until elimination is socially convenient, and salvage nutrients after bacterial metabolism of carbohydrates that have not been absorbed in the small intestine. These functions are dependent on the…
Introduction In gastroparesis, there is abnormal function of extrinsic vagal innervation, smooth muscle, enteric nervous system, or pacemakers in the stomach wall, specifically, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) or fibroblast-like cells that have receptors for platelet-derived growth factor α.…
Introduction Gastric motor functions represent a complex series of regional relaxations (e.g., fundus and pylorus) and contractions (gastric body and antrum) that are regulated by circulating blood glucose and hormones such as incretins, extrinsic sympathetic and parasympathetic neural control from…