1 Groin hernia refers to which three hernias? Direct and indirect inguinal hernias and femoral hernias. 2 Francois Poupart, a French surgeon and anatomist (1616–1708), described a ligament that bears his name. What is the anatomic name of the Poupart…
1 What clinical entities encompass the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). A third entity called indeterminate colitis describes the situation when the clinical or pathologic features do not entirely fit the criteria…
1 What is a colonic diverticulum? A protrusion of mucosa and submucosa through the muscular layers of the bowel wall. It has no muscular covering. Because these diverticula do not involve all layers of the bowel wall, they are really…
1 What is congested in CHF? The lungs. 2 Why the lungs? When cardiac output falls, the kidney releases renin. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I in the liver. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)…