Introduction History of inhaled anesthetics The discovery of inhalational agents played a critical role in anesthesia history. The search for the perfect agent capable of rapid induction of anesthesia, one with a high safety profile and minimal side effects, has…
Introduction History of inhaled anesthetics The discovery of inhalational agents played a critical role in anesthesia history. The search for the perfect agent capable of rapid induction of anesthesia, one with a high safety profile and minimal side effects, has…
In recent years, the number of non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) procedures has increased significantly. At our institution—Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of New York-Presbyterian—40% of all anesthesia procedures (∼4000/10,000 cases) were done outside of the operating room in 2011, in contrast…
Key Points ▪ The cardiac cycle is the sequence of electrical and mechanical events during a single heartbeat. ▪ Cardiac output is determined by the heart rate, myocardial contractility, and preload and afterload. ▪ The majority of cardiomyocytes consist of…