1 What is the prevalence of thyroid nodules and cancer? The prevalence of thyroid nodules increases throughout life and is dependent on the method of detection—by palpation 5%, by ultrasound (US) 35%, and by autopsy 50%. Thyroid nodules are four…
1 How common is hyperthyroidism? Of the 1.2% prevalence of hyperthyroidism in the United States, 0.5% is overt, while 0.7% is subclinical. The incidence of overt disease is approximately 0.4 per 1000 women, and 0.1 per 1000 men, but varies…
1 How common is hyperparathyroidism (HPT)? The prevalence of hyperparathyroidism is 1:1000. There are approximately 100,000 new cases of HPT annually in the United States. Seventy-four percent of all cases are in women, and the risk increases with age. Primary…
1 Is breathing really overrated? It may be. A Japanese yoga master survived just fine breathing once per minute for 1 hour (see reference ). But, when medical students and residents prioritize activities that they really enjoy, year after year,…
1 Define shock Shock is: Not just low blood pressure Not just decreased peripheral perfusion Not just limited systemic oxygen delivery Ultimately, shock is decreased tissue respiration. Shock is suboptimal consumption of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO 2…