Introduction Echocardiography plays a unique role in the assessment of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves. However, their evaluation is often suboptimal because typical imaging protocols may overlook the views that best display pulmonic and tricuspid anatomy and function. Recent advances…
Introduction The assessment of right ventricular (RV) structure and function is one of the most critical roles of echocardiography, often impacting the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. Historically, the echocardiographic assessment of diseases affecting the…
Introduction M-mode echocardiography provides superior temporal resolution, and therefore subtle changes are more readily appreciated with m-mode than with two-dimensional or three-dimensional methods. M-mode methods may include more precise measurement of cardiac chambers (provided they are obtained on-axis), independent motion…
Acknowledgment The author thanks Dr. Scott D. Solomon for his contribution to the previous edition of this chapter. Historically, the echocardiographic assessment of diseases affecting the right ventricle (RV) has lagged behind that of the left ventricle (LV), despite knowledge…