Key Points Both medialization thyroplasty and vocal fold injection can be used successfully to manage glottal insufficiency associated with unilateral vocal fold motion impairment, vocal fold bowing, and soft tissue deficits. The choice of procedure, medialization thyroplasty or vocal fold…
Key Points Although described in numerous historic texts, tracheotomy did not become a routine surgical procedure until the late 19th to early 20th century. Indications for tracheotomy include relief of airway obstruction, access for head and neck surgery, pulmonary toilet,…
Key Points The difficult airway involves a difficult mask ventilation and/or a difficult tracheal intubation. Identification of a difficult airway, whenever possible, is vital prior to manipulation. An essential member of the difficult airway response team is an otolaryngologist with…