Femorofemoral bypass was first performed in the early 1950s as an alternative to the more direct aortofemoral bypass (AFB). Femorofemoral bypass, as with axillofemoral bypass, was initially employed primarily as a lower-risk alternative to AFB in high-risk patients with critical…
Axillofemoral bypass (AxFB), a bypass graft from one axillary artery to one or both femoral arteries, was first performed in the early 1960s in patients at high cardiopulmonary risk for surgery as an alternative to the more direct reconstructive operation,…
Historical Background Extraanatomic procedures were developed as alternatives to direct aortofemoral bypass for patients deemed to be at high risk for direct aortic surgery or for those presenting with a “hostile” abdomen, an infection of the native aortoiliac arterial system,…