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Acknowledgments Funding for this manuscript was provided by the NHLBI PO1 HL76611 and RO1 HL36634. In 1981, the concept of the heart as an endocrine organ emerged with the discovery of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) by de Bold in…

Natriuretic Peptides: Historical Background The discovery of natriuretic peptides (NPs) changed the classical paradigm of the heart as solely a pump and developed the novel concept of the heart as an endocrine organ. The current and potential applications of NPs…