Introduction The cardiovascular system is a network for blood distribution which functions to supply the cells of the body with oxygen and nutrients such as glucose and amino acids; to provide homeostatic control of acid–base balance, fluid balance and thermoregulation;…
Introduction The term epidemiology has its roots in Greek words meaning, very roughly, ‘a discourse about something visited on the people’. Whilst it is clearly a close cousin of ‘epidemic’, it is important to understand how the two relate to…
Disease ensues when normal physiological mechanisms and processes are disrupted. These processes take place in the basic unit of living organisms: the cell. It is therefore essential that all clinicians understand normal cellular and molecular mechanisms and processes in order…