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Introduction Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have structural defects of the heart and/or great vessels that are present before birth. Defects range from relatively simple lesions, which neither induce symptoms nor need therapy, to complex life-threatening lesions, which require…
KEY POINTS 1. Congenital heart disease (CHDs) are seen in 6 to 10 per 1000 live births. These include structural defects of the heart, of the great vessels, or both. 2. During the newborn period, the most important presenting features…
Introduction The incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) is estimated at approximately 8 per 1000 live births, with up to 25–30% of CHD deemed critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). CCHD includes lesions that necessitate early interventions to avoid significant morbidity…