Tag Felipe Fregni

Neurology

Optimization of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Clinical Trials

Introduction Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been increasingly investigated in the last decades ( ). Two of the most-studied NIBS techniques include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES). The concept of NIBS involves the use of electrical…

Neuromodulation
March 6, 2024

Neurology

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation

Introduction Electrical currents have been used to modulate brain function for several hundreds of years ( ). Rudimentary forms of electrical brain stimulation were introduced by Luigi Rolando, Gustrav Fritsch, and Eduard Hitzing to study the localization of brain function…

Neuromodulation
March 6, 2024

Neurology

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Acknowledgments Authors are grateful to Melanie French and Jesse Gaboury for their help reviewing the final version of this chapter. Brief Introduction In , Anthony Barker et al. published in Lancet the first report of a new contactless and painless method…

Neuromodulation
March 6, 2024