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Classic (usual-type/HPV-associated) vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia Differential diagnoses: Differentiated (HPV-independent) vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, and Paget disease Clinical features The term vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) describes non-invasive squamous lesions of the vulva, of which two…

Introduction Vulvar and vaginal exfoliative cytology, although not a substitute for biopsy, may provide valuable information about the nature of a lesion without causing significant discomfort to a patient. Although unsuspected cancer is rarely identified by this approach, a wide…