KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal respiratory disease that requires surgery can have devastating consequences. Care for patients with these conditions involves a multidisciplinary team including neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, nurses, and respiratory therapists. 2. These surgical respiratory defects include upper airway stenosis,…
KEY POINTS 1. Chromosomal abnormalities can be numerical abnormalities (aneuploidy), structural anomalies such as copy number variants (microdeletions or duplications), inversions, translocations, and the formation of isochromosomes or ring chromosomes. 2. Sex chromosome abnormalities such as Turner syndrome, triple X…
KEY POINTS 1. Birth defects are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children and are present in 3% to 6% of births. 2. The most common birth defects, which account for nearly half of the birth defects…