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Introduction of Technology In the occipital and cervical spine, posterior cervical instrumentation is a commonly selected procedure for stabilization in trauma, neoplasia, deformity, and spondylosis. The earliest techniques described wiring between the spinous processes to achieve bony arthrodesis. Several types…
Spinal navigation 1 Briefly outline the development of spinal navigation. Spinal navigation was introduced in the early 1990s as advances in computer-based technologies enabled a transition from frame-based systems developed for cranial surgery to frameless navigation systems. First-generation frameless systems…