Video 36.1 Introduction to Chapter 36, Surgical Anatomy and Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve. Video 36.2 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring. Video 36.3 Continuous Vagal Nerve Monitoring. Introduction Galen, in the second century, discovered and named the recurrent laryngeal nerve…
Video 31.1 Basic Thyroid Surgical Maneuvers. Video 31.2 Advanced Thyroid Cancer Surgery. Video 31.3 Total Thyroidectomy: Autofluorescence and Parathyroid Angiography. Introduction There are a number of chapters in this text devoted to specific thyroid surgical approaches, ranging from minimally invasive…
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histologic type of thyroid carcinoma worldwide. Microscopic lymph node (LN) metastases occur in the majority of patients presenting with PTC. LN metastases are associated with an increased risk of local or regional…
Key Points Most patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism are asymptomatic or are only mildly symptomatic, compared with the classic descriptions of patients with hyperparathyroidism. Calcium levels are regulated by the actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin on…