Introduction The epidemic of physician burnout has been declared a public health crisis, and a growing focus for occupational intervention. Symptoms of burnout are particularly problematic among surgeons and surgical trainees in comparison to the general population (53% vs. 26%).…
Introduction Vascular tumors are different from malformations in that they have proliferative endothelium, while malformations occur from abnormal tissue growth as the child grows and has quiescent endothelium. Both primary vascular tumors and vascular malformations may look similar, raised or…
Pediatric arterial aneurysms include many rare and heterogeneic diseases. Etiologies vary widely among the different types of aneurysms, with important differences in the aneurysm’s character and clinical relevance often dependent on the specific vessel affected ( Table 186.1 ). Aneurysms…
Introduction Developmental renal artery and abdominal aortic disease is complex and the underlying pathogenesis in the majority of cases is poorly understood. Nevertheless, certain contributing factors are well recognized and the treatment of most lesions has become better defined in…
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is very common. Although the etiology of acute venous thrombosis (VT) is defined by Virchow triad of hypercoagulability, stasis, and endothelial injury, it is clearly a…
Aneurysms of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta are being recognized with increasing frequency. More than half of the splanchnic and renal artery aneurysms described in the English-language literature have been reported in the past 25 years. Splanchnic aneurysms…
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Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is a relatively rare, potentially lethal, and often misdiagnosed condition caused by fixed stenosis or occlusion of the proximal splanchnic arteries. It is estimated to account for less than 1 in 100,000 hospital admissions in the…
Acute lower extremity ischemia remains a common vascular disease with considerable associated morbidity, limb loss, and mortality. Both arterial embolism and thrombosis are recognized causes of acute limb ischemia. It is imperative that a distinction between the two be made…
Focal developmental narrowings of the distal thoracic and abdominal aorta are rare anomalies accounting for less than 2% of all aortic coarctations. Most physicians have limited experience with the management of these unusual lesions. Abdominal aortic coarctations are categorized by…