Indications The ulnar artery bypass procedure with a vein graft is used to reconstruct an ulnar artery damaged from occlusion caused by Raynaud phenomenon or repetitive trauma to the hand known as hypothenar hammer syndrome. For Raynaud phenomenon, the indications…
Introduction Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is an exaggerated vascular response to cold temperature or emotional stress, which manifests clinically as color changes in the fingers from white to blue to red. Primary RP (“Raynaud disease”) occurs in the absence of associated…
Indications In both free antegrade and pedicled reverse designs, the lateral arm flap is useful for coverage and resurfacing of forearm, elbow, and dorsal hand wounds. It is thin, has fascia to provide a tendon gliding surface, and has a…
Introduction The pedicled groin flap is an axial vascular flap based on the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA). As an axial flap, it can be designed to cover a larger length-width ratio than what is possible with random abdominal flaps.…
Introduction Three pedicled forearm flaps, including the reverse radial forearm flap, ulnar artery perforator flap (Becker flap), and posterior interosseous artery (PIA) flap, are commonly used for coverage of hand defects ( Table 90.1 ). TABLE 90.1 Pedicled Forearm Flaps…
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Indications An anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) transfer to the motor branch of the ulnar nerve is used to restore ulnar intrinsic hand function. It is performed for both chronic ulnar nerve compression and acute high ulnar nerve injury. For chronic…
Indications In contrast to low median nerve injuries, the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) is harmed in high median nerve injuries. This causes a loss of thumb interphalangeal (IP) joint flexion and index finger IP joint flexion. Both high and low…
Indications Median nerve injuries are classified as “low” injuries if they arise distal to the branch of the anterior interosseous nerve, causing functional loss that is limited to the intrinsic muscles of the hand: the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), the…
Introduction Radial neuropathy can result from direct trauma or compression anywhere along the radial nerve’s course, from the brachial plexus through the spiral groove, radial tunnel, posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), or superficial branch of the radial sensory nerve. Three types…