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SUMMARY Morphine has become the “gold standard” analgesic to which all others are compared. It is also one of the oldest drugs known. However, it is only in the past 30 years or so that the details of how opioids…
Key Points Anti-depressants can be effective for treating neuropathic pain independently of their actions on comorbid depression. The analgesic effects tend to occur more rapidly and at lower doses than those used for treating depression. The primary mechanism of action…