Seizure Focus Monitor Placement

Indications

• Invasive monitoring of EEG in patients with medically refractory, focal-onset epilepsy can provide valuable information regarding an epileptogenic zone that is not clearly correlated with seizure symptoms and noninvasive studies, including scalp EEG, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, nuclear medicine studies, and magnetoencephalography (MEG).

• Invasive monitoring is indicated for the more precise identification of the epileptogenic zone in cases of “nonlesional” epilepsy, dual pathology, or discordant noninvasive data.

• Invasive electrodes can also provide important functional information about the underlying cortex and its relationship to the surrounding epileptogenic zone.

• Depth electrode recordings can provide valuable information regarding electrical activity in regions that are not easily or safely covered by subdural grid electrodes, including amygdala, various portions of the hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and mesial frontoparietal regions, and insula.

• Depth electrode recordings are indicated for the evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy to identify a unilateral ictal onset within a mesial temporal lobe region.