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Cardiovascular System

EMBRYOLOGY AND ANATOMY Embryology Primitive heart tube begins contracting around 4th embryonic week Primitive heart tube from caudal to cranial ends of embryo Sinus venosus, primitive atria, primitive ventricles, bulbus cordis, truncus arteriosis Primitive heart tube grows, loops, and undergoes septation in complex series of events that result in 4 chambers: Right and left atria, right and left ventricles (RV, LV) 2 arterial outflows: Aorta (Ao)…

Cystic Hygroma

KEY FACTS Terminology Cystic lymphatic disorder involving back and side of neck causing multiseptated fluid-filled mass You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Face and Neck

EMBRYOLOGY AND ANATOMY Overview For patient, her family, and her support system, imaging of fetal face is one of most anticipated parts of ultrasound exam Studies have shown that seeing fetal face improves bonding experiences 3D ultrasound is additive to show both normal and abnormal anatomy With single 3D view, like photograph, everyone can immediately recognize face Much of face and neck anatomy routinely seen in…

Dandy-Walker Malformation

KEY FACTS Terminology Classic Dandy-Walker malformation Cerebellar vermis is completely or partially absent Cystic dilatation of 4th ventricle (4V) Enlarged posterior fossa with elevated tentorium – Tentorium is roof of posterior fossa and separates cerebellum from occipital lobe You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Chiari 2 Malformation

KEY FACTS Terminology Hindbrain compression with cerebellar herniation through foramen magnum Open spina bifida present in almost every case You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here

Aqueductal Stenosis

KEY FACTS Terminology Narrowing/occlusion at aqueduct of Sylvius (between 3rd and 4th ventricles), causing obstructive hydrocephalus You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here