Introduction Breast reduction can be performed for either functional or cosmetic reasons. Optimal size, shape, and symmetry and minimal scarring, as four primary goals, should be applied to any type of breast reduction; for example, the breasts after reduction should…
Introduction Breast reduction can be performed for either functional or cosmetic reasons. Optimal size, shape, symmetry, and scarring, as four primary goals, should be applied to each type of breast reduction; for example, breast size after breast reduction should be…
Introduction Superior pedicle breast reduction is the authors’ technique of choice in patients who qualify for its use. Numerous advantages of this technique make it ideal for many patients. Advantages of the superior pedicle technique include a reliable vascular pedicle.…
Introduction One-stage breast augmentation combined with mastopexy is a challenging operation with numerous potential complications. Augmentation expands the breast volume, and mastopexy reduces the skin envelope; thus, these operations produce opposing forces when performed simultaneously. The combination of procedures as…
Introduction Breast ptosis is one of the most common issues seen for evaluation in a plastic surgeon’s office. It can be developmental or more commonly acquired, secondary to weight loss, hormonal changes, pregnancy, and aging. A mastopexy is reserved for…
Introduction Commonly, mastopexy is understood to be synonymous with “breast lift.” Among plastic surgeons, a mastopexy has been traditionally understood to mean a skin tightening procedure, certainly for a skin-only mastopexy. However, the goal of a mastopexy is improvement in…
Introduction Mastopexy is the surgical technique mostly employed for modification of volume, compaction, and repositioning of the breast mound. The harmonious combination of proportion, position, and projection requires a dermoglandular resection or, sometimes, exclusively skin resections, resulting in extensive scarring.…
Introduction Complications continue to be a problem in breast implant surgery with the original prospective meta-analyses (PMAs) studies showing complications and revision rates as high as 30% ( Fig. 12.1 ). When a patient has one major complication or revision,…
Introduction Capsular contracture has for decades been the most common complication associated with aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. Although the exact mechanism or cause is still unclear, many causes have been implicated, the most feasible include hypertrophic scarring, the infectious…
Introduction The best way to treat a complication, is to avoid it. Unknown expert surgeon Breast augmentation is a common operation, and it has been estimated that there are currently 5–10 million women with breast implants in the United States…