General information Cilostazol is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that suppresses platelet aggregation and also acts as a direct arterial vasodilator. Small studies in Japan suggested that it might be useful for treating chronic arterial disease and symptoms of intermittent claudication. A…
See also Phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitors General information Cilomilast is an orally active, potent, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type IV, which was developed for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, a review of its efficacy and safety…
See also Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors General information Cilazapril is a non-sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor [ ]. Like enalapril and ramipril it is a prodrug and is hydrolysed after absorption to cilazaprilat, which has a long half-life allowing once-daily administration [ ].…
General information Cidofovir ( S -1-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropylcytosine), also known as HPMPC, is a nucleotide analogue with potent activity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) in vitro and in vivo. Drug studies Observational studies Cidofovir has been used to treat 14 patients with cytomegalovirus infection…
General information Ciclosporin is an immunosuppressant drug that primarily inhibits T cell activation, therefore down-regulating the T cell responses that mediate graft rejection. Myelotoxic effects are therefore not expected. Ciclosporin has also been used in a wide range of chronic…
General information Ciclesonide, a non-halogenated glucocorticoid, is converted locally in the airways to an active metabolite, desisobutyrylciclesonide, which has a 100-fold greater relative glucocorticoid receptor binding affinity than ciclesonide itself [ ]. The pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic profile of inhaled ciclesonide suggests a…
See also Antidysrhythmic drugs General information Cibenzoline is an antidysrhythmic drug of Class Ia, with some additional properties of drugs of Class III and Class IV. Its pharmacology, electrophysiological effects, therapeutic effects and indications, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects have been…
General information Cianidanol is an antioxidant flavonoid that occurs especially in woody plants. It is one constituent of green tea. It has immunomodulatory properties, including effects on T lymphocytes and killer cells [ ]. Of 40 patients with chronic active…
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General information Chromium is a metallic element (symbol Cr; atomic no. 24) that occurs naturally in minerals such as fuchsite and picotite. Certain salts of radioactive chromium [ ] are used as radiopharmaceutical tracers in various hematological procedures. Chromium compounds…