Algorithm: Approaches for emergency thoracotomies Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Anatomy of the Chest Thoracic Mediastinal Structures (see Illustrations) ■ Ascending aorta ■ Two main coronary arteries originate from the root of the ascending aorta. ■ The left main…
Algorithm: Evaluation & management of penetrating neck injuries Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Anatomical Zones of Penetrating Neck Injuries Zone 1 ■ Extends between the clavicle and sternal notch inferiorly to a horizontal plane passing through the cricoid cartilage…
Algorithm: Blunt neck injury evaluation & management Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Evaluation of Blunt Neck Injury Mechanism of Blunt Neck Injuries ■ Motor vehicle collision (MVC) ■ Most common cause ■ Injuries may result from: ■ steering wheel.…
Algorithm: Evaluation of spinal cord injuries Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Etiology and Mechanism of Spinal Cord Injury Incidence of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) ■ Cervical 50% ■ Thoracic 35% ■ Lumbar 11% Etiology ■ Trauma accounts for more…
Algorithm: Management of thoracic & lumbar spine injuries Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Evaluation of Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries Initial Evaluation ■ Primary survey and resuscitation ■ Airway ■ Protect the C-spine ■ Protection of thoracolumbar spine in suspected injury…
Algorithm: Evaluation and Management of Cervical Spine Injuries Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Evaluation of Cervical Spine Injury Initial Evaluation ■ Primary survey and resuscitation ■ Airway ■ Protect the C-spine ■ Breathing ■ Circulation ■ Rule out life-threatening…
Algorithm: Cervical spine clearance Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Cervical Spine Clearance You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If you are a member. Log in here
Algorithm: Scalp laceration, skull Fractures, and facial fractures Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Evaluation of Skull and Maxillofacial Injuries Airway and C-spine Protection ■ Complex skull and facial injuries are usually complicated by a compromised airway. ■ Contributing factors…
Algorithm: Management of severe head injury Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Physiology of Cerebral Perfusion Volume-Pressure Curve (Monro-Kellie Hypothesis) ■ Skull is a rigid compartment and contains three components: ■ Brain ■ Blood ■ Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ■ Average…
Algorithm: Evaluation of head injury Open full size image Must-Know Essentials: Evaluation of Head Injury Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ■ Best eye-opening response Score ■ Spontaneous 4 ■ To speech 3 ■ To pain 2 ■ None 1 ■ Best…