Video 16.1 Laser and Radiofrequency Treatment of Thyroid Nodules and Parathyroid Adenoma. Video 16.2 RFA of a Thyroid Nodule Using the Trans-isthmic Approach and the Moving Shot Technique. Video 16.3 RFA of a Recurrent Tumor in the Subcutaneous Location with…
Video 15.1 Fiberoptic Laryngeal Exam: Laryngeal Anatomy and Function. Introduction Thyroid and parathyroid surgery is undertaken by surgeons from a variety of surgical disciplines and backgrounds. The implications of this type of surgery on the voice are a frequent patient…
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histologic type of thyroid carcinoma worldwide. Microscopic lymph node (LN) metastases occur in the majority of patients presenting with PTC. LN metastases are associated with an increased risk of local or regional…
Video 13.1 Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands: Equipment and Techniques. Introduction The clinical utilization of ultrasound (US) continues to expand, with increasing applications in the head and neck. US remains the primary imaging tool for the thyroid gland.…
Video 12.1 Introduction to [CR] , Fine-Needle Aspiration and Molecular Analysis. Introduction Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the gold standard for diagnostic assessment of thyroid nodules, yet cytologic evaluation may be limited, with up to 30% of samples classified…
Video 11.1 Thyroid Nodule Fine-Needle Aspiration. Video 11.2 Fine-Needle Aspiration Slide Preparation. Introduction Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is an essential test in the evaluation of a patient with a thyroid nodule. The result of the FNA determines, in large part, whether…
Video 10.1 Introduction to [CR] , The Evaluation and Management of Thyroid Nodules. Introduction Thyroid nodules are common and may be found in up to two-thirds of the population. By definition, thyroid nodules are discrete lesions contained within, yet radiologically…
Introduction Thyroid disease is broadly divided into hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, structural abnormalities of the thyroid, and neoplasia of the thyroid gland (see Chapter 6 , Surgery of Cervical and Substernal Goiter). Thyroid cancer is a relatively uncommon malignancy in most countries,…
Introduction Primary hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland synthesizes and secretes inappropriately high levels of thyroid hormone(s), causing signs and symptoms of hypermetabolism and excess sympathetic nervous system activity. The term hyperthyroidism is distinct from thyrotoxicosis, a…
It is not uncommon that resection of thyroid or parathyroid pathology requires entry into and exploration of the mediastinum. Although resection can often be achieved through a transcervical approach, surgeons treating thyroid and parathyroid diseases must be familiar with thoracic…