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Interventions for Redressing Disparities Related to Social Determinants of Health in Surgery
Background The United States (US) Department of Health and Human Services defines social determinants of health (SDOH) as “the conditions in environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health,…
Social Determinants of Health: Study Designs and Outcomes
Introduction The social determinants of health (SDH) play a critical role in shaping how people access and interact with the healthcare system, subsequently impacting their health outcomes. A growing body of research demonstrates how SDH significantly shapes health outcomes and…
Framing Theoretically Informed Social Determinants of Health Research Questions
Background Advances in medicine have revolutionized patient care over the past decades, with improved patient outcomes and life expectancy. This is particularly true for surgery where the advent of minimally invasive and robotic techniques along with enhanced recovery pathways has…
Psychological Stress and the Surgical Stressor
Introduction Perioperative and postoperative morbidity and mortality are seen as correlates of the preoperative condition of the patient, the quality of surgical care provided, and the extent of surgical stress. The latter are of clear importance. Considered here are pre-…
Health Literacy
The value of using narratives in health has been thoroughly demonstrated; therefore, I begin this chapter with a short story about a patient who taught me the importance of health literacy and the need for clear and effective patient–provider communication.…
Insurance as a Social Determinant of Health in Surgery
Social Determinants of Health and Insurance Status Social determinants of health (SDOH) are conditions in the environment where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age, that can affect their health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks. According…
Community Engagement as a Social Determinant of Health in Surgery
Identification of Social Determinants of Health Access to healthcare varies across countries, communities, and individuals, oftentimes influenced by health policies as well as social and economic conditions. The interplay of differing factors, such as insurance coverage, low income, transportation costs,…
Race, Ancestry, and Social Determinants of Health in Surgery
Overview Health inequities related to racial/ethnic identity are associated with a substantial economic burden in the United States. A recent analysis of data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the National Vital Statistics System,…