Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases

Surgical Management of Pituitary Apoplexy

Introduction The term “pituitary apoplexy” (PA) was first described in context of five autopsies in which hemorrhagic necrosis was noted in pituitary adenomas; the studied patients had a history of clinical dyspituitarism and sudden death . This condition is exceptionally…

Management of Cerebellar Hematomas and Infarcts

Cerebellar hemorrhage and cerebellar infarction are two clinical entities with entirely different pathophysiologies, although the clinical syndromes are quite similar and the surgical management and operative considerations are nearly identical. For this reason, surgical treatment of either cerebellar hemorrhage or…

Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting

Introduction Large-vessel arteriosclerotic disease and stenosis, most commonly of the extracranial carotid artery bifurcation and simply referred to as carotid stenosis, accounts for 15–20% of cerebral ischemic events. The two main mechanisms for these events are hemodynamic compromise, as the…