Anorectal pain is a common presenting complaint. The majority of patients have an obvious cause, e.g. fissure-in-ano, perianal abscess or thrombosed haemorrhoids. Causes Acute ● Fissure-in-ano ● Perianal haematoma ● Thrombosed haemorrhoids ( Fig. 3 ) ● Anorectal abscess (i.e.…
Abdominal swellings are a common surgical problem. Abdominal swellings may be divided into generalised and localised swellings. Generalised swellings are classically described as the ‘five Fs’, namely fat, faeces, flatus, fluid or fetus. For the purpose of description of localised…
Abdominal pain is an extremely common presenting symptom. The pain may be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (lasting for more than a few days or presenting intermittently). It is important to be able to distinguish causes of abdominal pain which…