See also Xanthines General information Proxyphylline is a theophylline derivative used as a bronchodilator. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is not converted to theophylline. Drug studies You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for…
See also Anesthetics, local General information Proxymetacaine (rINN) is a local anesthetic, an ester of meta-aminobenzoic acid. It is often used in ophthalmology. It is also known as proparacaine (USAN). Organs and systems You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical…
See also Individual agents General information Proton pump inhibitors inhibit the H + /K + -ATPase (proton pump) in oxyntic cells of the stomach, the final common pathway in the secretion of gastric acid in response to a variety of…
General information Protirelin is a synthetic tripeptide that stimulates the hypophyseal secretion of thyrotrophin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH). It is used mainly for diagnostic purposes in dynamic tests of pituitary and hypothalamic function, but its use in the assessment of hyperthyroidism…
See also Coagulation proteins ; Drotrecogin General information Prothrombin complex products contain constant amounts of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, bypassing the need for factor VIII in the clotting cascade. They are used to reverse the effects of…
General information In addition to their natural occurrence, for example in cow’s milk, protein hydrolysates are added to hair-care products, such as shampoos and conditioners, and are supposed to “repair” damaged hair. Hydrolysed proteins are also used in other body-care…
General information Protamine, derived from salmon sperm, combines with and neutralizes heparin through an acid–base interaction. It is used to treat heparin toxicity but more commonly to reverse the effects of heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass. It is most commonly used…
General information Eicosanoids are the oxygenated metabolites of 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acids found in the phospholipids of cell membranes (Greek eikosi = 20). The eicosanoids include the prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Precursor fatty acids include arachidonic acid C20:4n − 6…
See also Aminophenazone (amidopyrine) ; Phenazone (antipyrine) General information Propyphenazone is a pyrazolone derivative that has been incorporated into many over-the-counter analgesic combinations in many countries. There is no evidence that it causes fewer adverse reactions than phenazone (antipyrine), as…
General information Propylhexedrine is a cycloalkylamine that is structurally similar to metamfetamine and causes release of dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5HT from presynaptic vesicles. However, its effects on the brain require high doses and its main action is as an α-…