See also Neuromuscular blocking drugs, non-depolarizing General information Alcuronium is a synthetic derivative of toxiferine, an alkaloid of calabash curare, and is a non-depolarizing relaxant with properties and adverse effects similar to those of D-tubocurarine. It is about twice as…
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General information Adverse reactions to human serum albumin are uncommon and usually mild, such as itching and urticaria. Serious reactions are rare. A patient who has reacted violently to albumin on one occasion may tolerate it well on another after…
See also Benzimidazoles General information The benzimidazole antihelminthic drugs albendazole and mebendazole (qv) are commonly used to treat soil-transmitted helminth infections, such as gastrointestinal roundworms, hydatid disease, neurocysticercosis, larva migrans cutanea, and strongyloidiasis [ ]. They bind to nematode β…
See also Fluoroquinolones General information Alatrofloxacin is a fluoronaphthyridone that is hydrolysed to the active moiety, trovafloxacin, after intravenous administration. This fourth-generation broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone has activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, anerobic, and atypical respiratory pathogens. Because it has significant hepatotoxicity, the…
General information Ajmaline and its derivatives, prajmalium bitartrate (rINN; N-propylajmaline), lorajmine (rINN; chloroacetylajmaline), detajmium bitartrate (rINN), and diethylaminohydroxypropylajmaline, are Rauwolfia alkaloids. Their use is restricted by serious adverse effects, such as neutropenia and cardiac dysrhythmias, which have been reviewed […
General information Subtypes of adrenoceptors were first described by Ahlquist in 1948 [ , ]. Adrenoceptor agonists evoke physiological responses similar to those produced by stimulation of adrenergic nerves or the physiological release of adrenaline (see Table 1 ). For…
See also Adrenoceptor agonists General information Note on nomenclature Although “epinephrine” is the recommended International Non-proprietary Name (rINN), there are good reasons why the name “adrenaline” should be preferred, based on usage, history, etymology, and, most importantly, risk of clinical…
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General information To date, four subtypes of adenosine receptor, A 1 , A 2A , A 2B , and A 3 , have been described [ ]. Stimulation of specific cell-surface A 1 receptors shortens the duration, depresses the amplitude,…