Malignant bile duct obstruction (MBDO) occurs when tumor within or adjacent to bile ducts impedes the normal passage of bile from the liver to the intestinal tract. Tumors of pancreobiliary origin, such as cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder and pancreas cancer, are…
The interventional radiologist can play a central role in the provision of enteral nutrition through the placement of gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes. Traditionally, enteral feeding tubes have been placed by surgical or endoscopic techniques. The first successful placement of a…
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States after lung cancer and carcinoma of the breast and prostate. Close to a million new cases of colorectal cancer are detected each year worldwide, and almost…
Gastric outlet obstruction is a preterminal complication of advanced malignancies of the pancreas, stomach, and duodenum. Patients with gastric outlet obstruction experience intractable nausea, vomiting, and anorexia, which may in turn cause electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, and malnutrition. Furthermore, these patients…
With the development and improvement of different technologies and devices, treatment for many diseases of the esophagus is now within the scope of minimally invasive interventional radiology-guided procedures. In this chapter, we describe the methods of image-guided intervention of benign…
Background The expansion in the use of image-guided percutaneous biopsy and abdominopelvic abscess drainage reflects the ability of these procedures to offer safe minimally invasive techniques with superior outcomes compared with previously utilized operative approaches. Advances in technique, instruments, and…
The thoracic duct, a primary central common drainage pathway for the lymphatic system of the trunk and lower extremities, is anatomically close to the esophagus. Roughly 0.5% to 2.0% of patients undergoing thoracic surgery, especially esophagectomy, will suffer iatrogenic thoracic…
Clinical Relevance After the introduction of tunneled silicone central venous catheters (CVCs) in the 1970s by Broviac and Hickman, the next decade brought the development of subcutaneous ports, which are also referred to as totally implantable venous access devices. Although…
Tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) fill a vital role in patient treatment, especially with new cancer-fighting regimens. The catheters are durable and fit nicely into interventionalists’ armamentarium alongside peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines and chest or arm ports. There…
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and nontunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) are indispensable in current medical practice, with both serving central venous access needs. They are used for infusion therapy, exchange therapy, and hemodynamic monitoring. The central venous system includes…