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Some useful immunophenotypic markers for hematologic diagnosis
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Complete blood count
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Answers to review questions
Chapter 2 1. C 2. B 3. E 4. D Chapter 3 1. C 2. B 3. E 4. C Chapter 4 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A Chapter 5 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B…
Hematologic cancer therapy
Key points Many forms of cancer chemotherapy are designed to inhibit tumor cell proliferation by interfering with DNA synthesis. Cancer chemotherapeutic agents can be classified as cell-cycle active agents and non–cell-cycle active agents; cell-cycle agents target actively proliferating cells, whereas…
Blood transfusion and stem cell transplantation
Key points Donor blood is collected and separated into red blood cell (RBC), platelet, granulocyte, and plasma fractions for transfusion into patients with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and bleeding, respectively. The ABH blood group antigens (A, B, and O) consist…
Benign conditions of lymphoid organs
Key points Lymph nodes are composed of four major compartments: the cortical B cell–rich follicles, the paracortical T cell–rich interfollicular zone, the medullary region, and the sinusoidal compartment. Lymphoid hyperplasia may be classified according to the compartment and major cell…
Platelets
Key points Megakaryocytes in the bone marrow are stimulated by the liver-derived cytokine thrombopoietin to produce platelets by cytoplasmic budding. Platelets are small anucleate cytoplasmic fragments that circulate in the blood with a half-life of 8 to 10 days.. The…
Blood coagulation
Key points Liver-derived coagulation factors circulate in an inactive state and are activated in a cascading fashion, leading to thrombin-mediated fibrin formation. Thrombosis is triggered in most cases by vessel wall damage and exposure of blood to tissue factor, collagen,…
Lymphoma and related disorders
Key points Lymphomas are malignant clonal neoplasms of lymphocytes. Lymphomas are classified by cell of origin (B, T, or natural killer cell), degree of maturation (immature [blastic], or mature), cell size (small or large), mitotic rate (low or high), histologic…