Synonyms/Description Congenital uterine anomalies Etiology Congenital anomalies of uterine shape occur in 3% to 4% of all women. The prevalence in women with infertility and early miscarriage is up to 10%, and as high as 25% in those with midtrimester…
Synonyms/Description One of the epithelial-stromal tumors containing mucoid material Etiology Most mucinous cystadenomas are benign tumors, although 20% can be borderline (low malignant potential) or malignant. Benign mucinous cystadenomas represent 20% to 25% of all benign ovarian tumors and occur…
Synonyms/Description Secondary ovarian tumor Krukenberg tumor (originating mostly from the gastrointestinal tract) Etiology Metastatic tumors to the ovary account for approximately 20% of ovarian malignancies. The most common primary origins for metastatic disease to the ovary include colon, stomach, breast,…
Synonyms/Description Lymphadenopathy Etiology Lymph nodes are common sites of metastatic disease in gynecologic tumors and are an important prognostic factor in these malignancies. For example, the 5-year survival for a patient with vulvar cancer and normal nodes is 90%, compared…
Synonyms/Description Benign metastasizing leiomyoma Etiology This is caused by intravascular proliferation of a smooth muscle, leiomyoma-like tumor, which is noninvading locally, but grows within venous channels of the uterus and pelvis as serpiginous tubular masses. This growth can be extensive…
Synonyms/Description Mirena ParaGard IUD IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device) LARC (long-acting reversible contraception) Etiology The uterus may be too small to accommodate an intrauterine device (IUD) or the IUD may not open normally because of placement or anatomic abnormalities or it…
Synonyms/Description Fluid-filled, distended fallopian tube Etiology A hydrosalpinx is a dilated fallopian tube filled with fluid. A normal tube is not visible sonographically; however, when a tube becomes obstructed, it distends and fills with fluid, giving it a sausage-like appearance.…
Synonyms/Description Hydrometra and hydrocolpos Pyometra and pyocolpos Etiology The most common etiology is cervical or vaginal obstruction, resulting in a collection of blood, pus, or fluid that distends the uterus or vagina. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree…
Synonyms/Description Granulosa-theca cell tumor Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumor Etiology Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively rare malignant neoplasms representing 3% of all ovarian cancers and 70% of tumors in the category of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Granulosa cell tumors arise…
Synonyms/Description Thecoma, fibroma, and fibrothecoma are all tumors belonging to the thecoma-fibroma group of stromal tumors (per the World Health Organization classification of ovarian sex cord–stromal tumors). Etiology Thecoma-fibroma tumors are a closely related group of benign tumors that arise…