Gynecologic and Obstetric Pathology

“Serous” Carcinoma of the Cervix

D efinition — A carcinoma resembling an upper genital tract serous carcinoma but originating in the cervix and usually human papillomavirus (HPV) related. Clinical Features Epidemiology Rare. There is a distinctly bimodal age distribution; most patients are under age 45,…

Atypical Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia and Invasive (Minimal Deviation) Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix with Gastric Differentiation

D efinition — A deceptively bland-appearing mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Atypical lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (ALGH) is considered a potential precursor to minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA). Clinical Features Epidemiology Uncommon. Not associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). Reproductive-age women; mean…

Clear-Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix

D efinition —A unique, typically HPV-negative adenocarcinoma that has been associated with prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure. Clinical Features Epidemiology Rare. Historically linked to diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in utero. Sporadic occurrences now much more frequent than DES-related cases. Wide age range, with…

Infiltrative Endocervical Adenocarcinoma

D efinition — Invasive adenocarcinoma originating in the endocervix. Clinical Features Epidemiology Average age at diagnosis is early 40s. Human papillomavirus (HPV) associated. A positive association with oral contraceptive use has been noted, but the mechanism is not understood. Not…

Extensive Adenocarcinoma In Situ vs Invasion

D efinition —A florid pattern of endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) that mimics invasive adenocarcinoma. Clinical Features Epidemiology The same as for conventional AIS. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles…

Superficially Invasive Endocervical Adenocarcinoma

D efinition — Early-stage invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma. Clinical Features Epidemiology Average age at diagnosis is early 40s. Human papillomavirus (HPV) associated. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access and enjoy Unlimited articles Become membership If…

Villoglandular Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix

D efinition — A well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with a major exophytic and villoglandular component. Clinical Features Epidemiology Wide age range (third to seventh decades) with a mean age of 38 years. Human papillomavirus (HPV) associated. You’re Reading a Preview Become a…

Radiation Atypias

D efinition — Changes seen in the cervical-vaginal epithelium following radiation therapy. Clinical Features Epidemiology A common finding in tissue samples following radiation therapy to the genital area. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full access…

Reactive Atypias in the Endocervix

D efinition — A multinucleated endocervical cell atypia commonly associated with chronic inflammation. Clinical Features Epidemiology Relatively common, occasionally pronounced. Typically reproductive age, but can occur at any age. You’re Reading a Preview Become a Clinical Tree membership for Full…

Pregnancy-Related Changes in the Cervix

D efinition — Hormonally driven benign morphologic alteration of the endocervical epithelium, most commonly associated with pregnancy or the recent postpartum state. Clinical Features Epidemiology Endocervical Arias-Stella effect may be seen in up to 50% of extensively examined gravid cervices.…