1. What is gastritis? Patients typically refer to the symptom of dyspepsia as gastritis. Gastroenterologists use the term gastritis to describe endoscopic observations. Pathologists refer to a histologic finding. Most would agree that gastritis requires a mucosal biopsy as it…
Esophagus 1. Describe a normal esophagus lining. Esophagus consists of mucosa, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis propria, and adventitia (lacks serosa) ( Figure 8-1 A ). Sebaceous glands can be seen normally in the submucosa. Normal gastroesophageal (GE) junction…
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1. What is gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD )? GERD develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms or complications. This means that GERD is defined by a constellation of both symptoms or objective findings such as esophageal…
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