In high-risk populations at increased risk of perinatal mortality, antenatal fetal surveillance is often employed in an attempt to prevent stillbirth. Pregnancies at risk for progressive deterioration of placental function leading to fetal hypoxemia and acidosis are most likely to…
Ultrasound has permanently changed imaging in perinatology, increasing expectations of success and improving outcomes in maternal and neonatal care. The method is safe, real time, relatively inexpensive, and readily available in hospitals and clinics worldwide. Fetal imaging is the most…
The genetic basis of human disorders is a fundamental cornerstone of modern medicine. Recent advances in our understanding of complex genetic disorders coupled with technical developments have allowed genetics to become an invaluable part of clinical practice. This chapter highlights…
Epidemiology of Health Disparities in Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine While there have been significant improvements in neonatal and infant mortality in the United States over the past 50 years, compared to other high income countries in the world, the United…
The science and practice of modern neonatology evolved as a medical specialty in the United States and the Western world over the last 70 years. Neonatology as a specialty in developing countries is still evolving. The increased attention to improving…
This chapter focuses on five strategic processes in practicing evidence-based, neonatal-perinatal medicine: (1) asking a focused clinical question; (2) searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and other sources for high-quality evidence (primary reports and systematic reviews); (3) critically appraising the retrieved…
Introduction Whereas teaching is something that is (passively) done to trainees, learning is something that trainees must (actively) do themselves. Because not everything that is taught is necessarily learned , programs that best facilitate skill acquisition in trainees are those…
Systematic evaluation of the quality, safety, and efficiency of clinical care has become an integral part of medical practice. Physicians, hospitals, and large health care organizations are under increasing pressure to monitor, report on, and continuously improve their services. Public…
Clinicians, especially clinicians working in the intensive care unit environment, are accustomed to a modicum of predictability. Treatment plans are generally based on years of clinical experience coupled with robust dialogue with one's colleagues. How should physicians react to the…
This chapter explores the complexity of moral problem solving in neonatal medicine. First, principles of medical ethics and key terms and concepts are defined, followed by the application of these concepts in specific moral problems that arise (1) when a…