Key Points 1. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the nose is paramount to performing successful rhinoplasty surgery. 2. Nasal tip support mechanisms must be respected, preserved, and/or addressed in rhinoplasty. 3. Preoperative goals, expected outcomes, and…
Key Points 1. Symmetry and proportion are important to facial harmony. The individual subunits must balance each other to achieve an aesthetically pleasing result. 2. Ideal relationships have been established based on the relationship of soft tissue landmarks to each…
Key Points 1. The tenets of Halstead are highly important in good surgical wound healing. 2. Wound healing occurs in overlapping phases: inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. 3. A patient’s metabolic issues should always be addressed to promote ideal wound…
Key Points 1. Formation of the head and neck structures is intimately related to the development of the pharyngeal arches, with each arch carrying an artery, nerve, cartilaginous bar, and muscle. 2. Palate formation requires midline fusion of the medial…
Key Points 1. The location of a neck mass is key to understanding the differential diagnosis. 2. Imaging studies are important in the evaluation of many masses of the head and neck. 3. A neck mass that presents with infectious…
Key Points 1. The head and neck is the most common site for vascular anomalies. 2. Infantile hemangioma is the most common tumor in infancy. 3. Vascular malformations are classified under the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies…
Key Points Otoplasty Options 1. Tape and wax reshaping in the neonatal period 2. Incisionless otoplasty for ears that correct easily with finger pressure 3. Open or traditional otoplasty 4. Creative options such as grafting to cover skin defects or…
Key Points 1. Early identification of hearing loss, with intervention, is crucial to achieve optimal outcomes for speech and learning in children. 2. Suspect syndromic hearing loss in children with congenital hearing loss and other physical abnormalities. 3. Genetic evaluation…
Key Points 1. The etiology of cleft lip and palate is multifactorial, including both syndromic and nonsyndromic causes. 2. Embryologically, clefts of the lip and primary palate are due to failure of fusion between the medial nasal prominence and the…
Key Points 1. A Sistrunk procedure involves removal of a thyroglossal duct cyst along with the central portion of the hyoid bone, resulting in decreased recurrence rates of the congenital cyst. 2. Tracheoesophageal anomalies are usually evident at birth because…