Overview The fundamental principle of calipered kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (KA TKA) is to reproduce the flexion-extension axis of the prearthritic knee and to maintain the original collateral ligament balance and joint line with controlled, symmetric bony resection. A…
Overview This chapter reviews differences between the morphology of the prosthetic trochlea for four different femoral components set in kinematic alignment (KA) and the native knee in the same femur-cartilage model. Trochlear morphology is described along the arc length of…
Overview This chapter reviews in vitro and in vivo differences in tibiofemoral kinematics between a low-conforming total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implanted with calipered kinematic alignment (KA) and the native knee. Kinematics are defined by laxities and resting positions of the…
Overview Robotic assistance was recently reintroduced in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to improve surgical precision and to minimize errors. However, the technique stills focuses on mechanical alignment (MA) philosophies, with minor adaptations. This chapter is meant to highlight the surgical…
Introduction Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) or navigation has for the best part of two decades been the gold standard for accuracy and precision in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in terms of creating neutral coronal and sagittal limb alignment. Accuracy refers to…
Overview This chapter reviews the history of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and then outlines the design rationale, surgical techniques, and results seen in kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The goals of KA TKA are to (1) restore the native…
Overview This chapter contains discussion and video links that assist the surgeon in performing calipered kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with specific manual instruments, a verification worksheet, and a decision tree. The treatment of 4726 primary TKAs performed…
Overview With calipered kinematic alignment (KA) technique, preoperative management and evaluation of the arthritic knee patient does not vary vastly from the standard evaluation. However, there are some subtle differences that can aid the surgeon in planning and discussing the…
Overview This chapter discusses the research that is driving the change in philosophy from mechanical alignment (MA) to kinematic alignment (KA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The first section discusses the association between MA and patient dissatisfaction after TKA, and…
Overview For a long time, the alignment goal for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was a neutrally aligned limb with orthogonal joint lines to the mechanical axes (mechanical alignment [MA]). This had mainly to do with the belief of a better…