Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States ( ) and NSCLC comprises approximately 85% of lung cancer cases. It is estimated that 25% of patients present with Stage I and II disease (…
Introduction The annual incidence of lung cancer in 2012 in the United States was 226 160 patients (14% of all cancer patients), and an estimated 160 340 patients (28% of cancer mortality) will die of the disease ( ). About 20–44% of…
Introduction The most common origins of brain metastases in adults are lung (50–60%) and breast cancers (15–20%) ( ). Lung cancers are divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma,…
Introduction The development of brain metastases occurs in up to 44% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in patients with adenocarcinoma ( ). Brain metastases are associated with a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival…
Introduction Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) has been an integral part of the treatment of brain metastases for the last several decades. It has been shown to improve neurologic symptoms and quality of life, and decreases death from neurologic causes. Since its…
Introduction Brain metastases are 10 times more common than any primary brain neoplasm. Approximately 20–40% of patients suffering from systemic cancer develop symptomatic brain metastases, translating into a huge disease burden annually ( ). In adults, lung cancer is the…
Introduction Brain metastasis is common in patients with advanced solid tumors, occurring in roughly 15% of all cancer patients. According to autopsy analyses, the incidence of brain metastasis is as high as 30% in patients with breast cancer, 40% in…