Neurocritical care is a discipline devoted to the application of critical care principles to seriously ill patients with acute neurological or neurosurgical conditions and has become one of the most rapidly growing subspecialties of neurology in recent years. Neurological-neurosurgical (or…
Definition and Challenge Pain is the most common neurological complaint. Chronic pain constitutes a major public health burden. Over 116 million patients suffer with chronic pain. The economic burden of chronic pain is quite significant, at an annual cost of…
How an experienced neurologist uses the history of the patient’s illness, the neurological examination, and investigations to diagnose neurological disease is discussed in Chapter 1, Chapter 33 . This chapter presents some general principles guiding the management of neurological disease.…
Neuroendocrinology, in its broadest sense, is the study of the coordinated interaction of the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems to maintain the constancy of the internal milieu (homeostasis). This chapter concentrates on the functions of the hypothalamus and its interaction…
The past decade has seen a rich interaction between the fields of neurology and immunology. This has provided further insight into the mechanisms of immunologically mediated neurological diseases and given rise to new therapies for many neuroimmunological diseases, including multiple…
Genetics in Clinical Neurology Since the discovery of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the elucidation of the genetic mechanisms of heredity, clinical neurology has benefited from advances in genetics and neuroscience. This clinically relevant basic research has permitted…
Neurological disorders as a group are the leading cause of disability worldwide, and their contribution to the overall burden from all health conditions is increasing ( ). Aging of the population, population growth, and the ongoing epidemiological transition are occurring…
Acknowledgment The authors wish to thank Anabelle Grenier-Genest PhD(c) and Geneviève Leblanc MA(c) for their help in preparing this chapter and Thomas Lefebvre for the figures. Neurological disorders have many effects on sexual function that are often dismissed by rehabilitation…
Urogenital dysfunction can result from a variety of neurological disorders, and the impact of lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction on a patient’s health, dignity, and quality of life is increasingly becoming recognized. The investigation and management of disorders of urogenital…
Neuropsychology is the scientific study of neural correlates for cognition and behavior, with a specific clinical interest in patients presenting with a range of medical, neurological, and psychiatric illnesses. Neuropsychologists are specialized clinicians who receive extended fellowship training (with available…