Historical Background Balloon angioplasty of the carotid artery was first described in the late 1970s as an intervention for carotid artery stenosis. It was proposed as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in medically high-risk patients and those with hostile…
Historical Background Conventional carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is an excellent and time-tested technique; however, eversion CEA is quicker to perform, avoids insertion of prosthetic material, and is associated with postoperative morbidity and restenosis rates that are comparable with those for conventional…
Historical Background Although Carrea, Molins, and Murphy performed a successful carotid resection in 1951 and DeBakey completed a successful carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in 1953, the potential benefit of surgical treatment for symptomatic carotid occlusive disease was first highlighted by Eastcott,…
Historical Background Angioplasty was first used by Dotter and Judkins in 1964 for the treatment of peripheral vascular lesions using rigid intravascular dilators. Although relatively unnoticed in the United States, this approach was used to treat large numbers of patients…
Historical Background The age of endovascular therapy began with Dr. Sven Seldinger’s publication in 1953 of his technique for vascular access over a wire. The field expanded rapidly with subsequent seminal publications, including those by Dr. Charles Dotter, an American…
Historical Background Throughout the 1940s and early 1950s, angiographic procedures required surgical exposure with placement of a blunt metal trocar and were often cumbersome and dangerous. A percutaneous approach was first described by Jönsson in 1949 with passage of a…
Historical Background In 1927 Moniz at the University of Lisbon was the first to demonstrate the clinical utility of angiography by performing the first cerebral angiogram using sodium iodide. In 1929 dos Santos performed the first aortogram. Swick in 1928…
As most vascular surgeons will attest, among the many attractions to our discipline are the vast array of instruments and procedures available to address some of the most severe medical problems known to mankind and the opportunity to apply our…