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Approximately 175,000–200,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions occur each year at a cost to society of 1–2 billion dollars. These injuries generally occur in younger, more active individuals, with the goal of surgical reconstruction to restore knee biomechanics that allow…
Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a relatively common procedure in young adults, with the majority of surgery being undertaken in patients aged between 16 and 35 years. The mean age of patients in outcome studies of ACL reconstruction…
Introduction It is important to monitor patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury over time to evaluate their recovery after nonoperative or operative treatment so that the rehabilitation program can be monitored and adjusted if necessary. Furthermore, monitoring is essential…
Introduction Modern surgical techniques and rehabilitation protocols have led to improved surgical outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and have made return to play (RTP) a realistic goal for athletes. The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery…
Introduction The development of degenerative changes within the knee following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is well recognized. However, defining the exact prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) after ACL injury or reconstruction of the ACL is a challenge for several reasons.…
Acknowledgments I would to thank my KPACLRR colleagues Gregory B. Maletis, MD; Tadashi T. Funahashi, MD; Jason Chen, MA; and Rebecca Love, MPH, RN, for their invaluable collaboration on our research, and the many Kaiser Permanente orthopaedic surgeons who contribute…
Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common knee injury suffered predominantly by active individuals. Groups at highest risk for ACL tear include professional and amateur athletes, with annual incidence rates estimated to be between 0.15% and 3.67% and…
What is Quality of Life? The World Health Organization has defined quality of life (QOL) as an individual’s perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation…
The Definition of Stability After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction The truest definition of stability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) would be the normalization of the pivot shift in the anesthetized patient, which is obviously never measured in a follow-up…
Introduction Prehabilitation was coined in the 1980s, defined as the process enhancing functional capacity of the individual to enable them to withstand the stressor of inactivity . Although not initially used in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury…