Acknowledgments This chapter is adapted with permission from the following review paper: Leong NL, Petrigliano FA, McAllister DR. Current tissue engineering strategies in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Biomed Mater Res A . 2014;102:1614–1624. Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture…
Modern intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive techniques produce clinically stable ligament reconstruction in the majority of cases. In ACL reconstruction, however, the strength of the grafted tendon is reduced in the early phase after surgery, and then it gradually…
Introduction Historically, anterior laxity in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knees was treated surgically by isolated tenodesis, as described by Lemaire or MacIntosh. This procedure was largely abandoned in favor of single-bundle intra-articular ACL reconstruction, because although it effectively limited…
Introduction Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a serious injury of the knee joint that results in instability. The stability of the knee thought to have an ACL injury is traditionally evaluated with an arthrometer (i.e., KT-1000) while the patient…
Introduction Tibial eminence fractures are bony avulsions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from its insertion on the intercondylar eminence of the tibia. The intercondylar eminence is a narrow, raised area between the medial and lateral tibial spines. Tibial eminence…
Introduction Motion loss after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a devastating complication that can compromise the patient’s ability to return to normal activity. It is a common complication of multiligament knee surgery but can also occur in the setting…
Introduction The incidence of anterior knee problems such as pain, tenderness, crepitus, disturbed sensitivity, and inability to kneel or knee-walk after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been well documented. The grade of patient satisfaction after the procedure has been…
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most frequently performed operative procedures, with more than 100,000 reconstructions performed annually in the United States alone. Autogenous bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) is one of the most frequently used graft choices by…
Vascular complications after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions cause serious morbidity and potential mortality. Based on a systematic review of the literature, this chapter will present the current knowledge on arterial complications, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and thromboprophylaxis after arthroscopic ACL…
Introduction A variety of autograft and allograft tissues can be used for reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and a number of different tools and techniques can be used to achieve graft fixation, whether bone to bone or tendon…