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MSK Trauma
Whether the history is motor vehicle accident, fall from monkey bars, or sports-related injury, musculoskeletal trauma is one of the most common reasons for emergency department visits. Knowledge of the developing bone anatomy and specific pediatric fractures leads to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
Common Musculoskeletal Trauma Imaging Techniques
Plain Radiographs
Multiorthogonal radiographs of the bones are a mainstay of trauma evaluation and are often the first line of evaluation.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is often used in infants specifically for evaluation of cartilaginous portions of the bones. It is also used to assess for joint effusions, soft tissue lesions, or foreign body detection.
Computed Tomography
Complex fractures may necessitate additional evaluation by computed tomography (CT) to confirm/assess epiphyseal separation, comminution with fragments in the joint space, or the extent of fracture displacement or to determine for possible need of open reduction internal fixation. Contrast is occasionally used for evaluation of vascular injuries.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent modality for evaluation of soft tissue and osseous injuries or bone marrow edema or to detect avascular necrosis. Contrast is typically not necessary unless infection or neoplasm is considered.
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