Introduction

Poland sequence refers to congenital unilateral absence of the sternal costal portion of the pectoralis major muscle and ipsilateral upper limb anomalies. There is no known genetic etiology for Poland sequence. The pathogenesis of this disorder is suggested to be caused by a vascular disruptive sequence. Postpartum management usually consists of surgical correction and rehabilitation therapy for musculoskeletal defects.

Disease

Definition

There are no formal diagnostic criteria for Poland sequence. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings of unilateral absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis muscle with ipsilateral upper limb anomalies.

Prevalence and Epidemiology

The incidence of Poland sequence is 1 : 30,000 to 1 : 90,000. The disorder is two to three times more common in males than in females.

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