Unresponsive Patient


Consult Page

70yo male found down with a large brain bleed.

Initial Imaging

Figure 21.1, Axial head CT without contrast (A) shows a large 6 cm hemorrhage centered at the right lentiform nucleus with extension to the thalamus and bilateral lateral ventricles. Coronal view (B) demonstrates 10 mm of midline shift and ventriculomegaly concerning for hydrocephalus.

Walking Thoughts

  • Where is the hemorrhage?

  • What is the mechanism of the bleed?

  • What is the patient’s GCS? Does the patient need airway protection?

  • Was the exam performed on sedation?

  • Are there signs of intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation or herniation? If so, have medical measures been initiated?

  • Is there intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or hydrocephalus that might require a ventriculostomy?

  • What is the blood pressure? Was this a hypertensive hemorrhage?

  • What is the patient’s medical history? Is there a history of brain metastases or vascular lesions?

  • Is the patient on any antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications? If so, have these been reversed?

  • Is the patient a candidate for surgical evacuation or decompression?

  • Does the patient have an advanced directive in place? Who is his healthcare agent?

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