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Transitional cell (Brenner) Tumor
Introduction
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Description: A transitional cell (Brenner) tumor is an epithelial tumor that is composed of cells that resemble urothelium and Walthard cell nests, intermixed with the ovarian stroma. Most Brenner tumors are benign (95%).
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Prevalence: 1%–3% of ovarian tumors.
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Predominant Age: 40–80 years; average age is 50 years.
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Genetics: No genetic pattern.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
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Causes: Unknown. Most are derived from ovarian surface epithelium that undergoes metaplasia to form the typical urothelial-like components.
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Risk Factors: None known.
Signs and Symptoms
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Asymptomatic (often an incidental finding after oophorectomy)
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Adnexal mass, generally solid. Most are smaller than 2 cm and 6% are bilateral (unilateral lesions are more common in the left ovary).
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Abdominal pain and swelling, with abnormal uterine bleeding (20%) if malignant disease. Malignant masses are more likely to be large (10–30 cm) and contain cystic areas. When the ovary is palpably enlarged, the risk for malignancy is approximately 5%.
Diagnostic Approach
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