Sarcoma Botryoides

Introduction

• Description: Sarcoma botryoides is a rare form of sarcoma (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma) that is generally found in the vagina of young girls. These tumors may rarely arise from the cervix. Although the cervical form of the sarcoma is histologically similar to the vaginal form, the prognosis for the cervical form is better.

• Prevalence: Rare.

• Predominant Age: Generally younger than 8 years and two-thirds younger than 2 years; most common neoplasm of the lower genital tract in premenarchal girls.

• Genetics: No genetic pattern.

Etiology and Pathogenesis

• Causes: Unknown. Arises in the subepithelial layers of the vagina, often multicentric.

• Risk Factors: None known.

Signs and Symptoms

• Vaginal bleeding

• Vaginal mass (resembles a cluster of grapes, may be hemorrhagic, myxoid, or both)

Diagnostic Approach