Postpartum Breast Engorgement

Introduction

• Description: Postpartum breast engorgement is characterized by tender, swollen, hard breasts that are caused by the accumulation of milk in the postpartum period or during weaning or interstitial edema with the onset of lactation after birth.

• Prevalence: Common.

• Predominant Age: Reproductive age, 3–4 days after delivery.

• Genetics: No genetic pattern.

Etiology and Pathogenesis

• Causes: Increased milk production relative to use. Generally occurs 3–4 days after delivery when milk first comes in or during weaning. Pacifier use does not influence breastfeeding success or duration.

• Risk Factors: High fluid intake, infrequent nursing, poor suckling by the infant, abrupt cessation of nursing, excessive breast pumping.

Signs and Symptoms

• Warm, hard, sore breasts with no fever or erythema

Diagnostic Approach