Cervical Eversion

Introduction

• Description: Cervical eversion is a turning outward of the endocervical canal so that it is visible and appears as a red, inflamed mass at the cervical opening.

• Prevalence: Common, especially in adolescents, pregnant patients, and those using combination oral contraceptives.

• Predominant Age: Reproductive age.

• Genetics: No genetic pattern.

Etiology and Pathogenesis

• Causes: Chronic cervicitis, estrogen exposure (oral contraceptives, pregnancy). In parous women, the external cervix is sometimes sufficiently patulous to give the false appearance of eversion when the vaginal apex is widely opened during speculum examination.

• Risk Factors: Cervicitis, increased estrogen.

Signs and Symptoms

• Generally asymptomatic

• Intermenstrual or postcoital bleeding

Diagnostic Approach